【翻譯練習】一起來玩吧！狗狗的邀玩動作
Let’s Play! The Play Bow
日期：May 20, 2013
作者：NR Tomasheski
來源：http://woof.doggyloot.com/let’s-play-the-play-bow/
One of the most endearing body postures in our pet dogs is the play bow. You’ve seen it: the dog drops to his elbows, with back end in the air. The mouth is generally open and relaxed, eyes soft, and the tail is held loose and high. The tail may wag or sway gently.
狗狗最討喜可愛的姿勢之一，就是邀玩動作(play bow)了。你一定有看過：狗狗前肢低伏，背部揚起，嘴巴自在張開，眼神柔和，尾巴也放鬆高舉，且可能大力搖動或和緩搖著。
This posture is a solicitation to play: one dog is suggesting to another that they engage in a game. It is also often used repeatedly during a bout of play. This keeps both dogs on the same page – “We’re just playing, remember?” – and provides a moment of pause, which keeps emotions from running too high. That can lead to escalation from play to sparring, so these breaks are important to keep everything light and fun.
這便是邀玩動作：一隻狗向另一隻狗示好，希望對方能夠與他一同玩樂；有時玩樂之中的狗狗也會重複出現邀玩動作，用意除了讓二隻狗狗都能知道「別忘了喔！我們只是在玩遊戲」，也可以代表稍作暫停，避免情緒太過亢奮。若是狗狗情緒持續高張，有可能從玩樂變成打架，所以暫停時刻有助於玩樂保持在輕鬆有趣的狀態。
The response to a play bow may be to respond in kind, or to use another play solicitation movement, such as a pounce in place. Or the other dog may simply stand still, relaxed, as an acknowledgement. A brief movement by one dog or the other, what the trainer Patricia O’Connell calls the “start-stop”, signals the beginning of play, and both dogs then engage.
狗狗對於邀玩動作的回應，可能是回以相同動作，或是另一種邀玩動作，例如原地撲跳。狗狗也可能只是站著不動，輕鬆悠閒，以此表示同意對方的邀玩。而其中一隻狗狗的短暫動作，代表著遊戲由此開始，二隻狗進入打鬧玩樂狀態，訓犬師Patricia O’Connell將此動作稱為「開始前的暫停」(start-stop)。
In some cases, there is a refusal to play, signaled by simply walking away. To us humans, this can look kind of sad, but it’s proper canine etiquette and dogs don’t seem to take refusal too hard.
有些情況中，狗狗會直接走開，拒絕對方邀玩。雖然人類可能認為被拒絕真是令人沮喪難過，不過其實這才是正確的狗狗禮儀，而且拒絕在狗狗看來並不是什麼大不了的事。
Most dogs naturally recognize the play bow, even those who are weakly socialized. Singletons (dogs who were the only puppy in their litter) are occasionally less versed in body language than those that grew up with siblings, but this can be remedied if they are exposed to a variety of other dogs during puppyhood.
大部分狗狗天生就認得邀玩動作，即使社交較弱的狗狗亦然。獨生犬(母狗一次只生了一隻小狗)比起有兄弟姊妹一同成長的小狗而言，通常較不擅長肢體語言，不過若獨生犬在童年時期能夠和各種其他狗狗相處，仍有機會改善社交能力。
Dogs who have been attacked by another dog may view any approach, no matter how friendly, as threatening. These dogs may respond with a fear behavior, either fight or flight, depending on how that individual typically reacts in such situations. Let me reiterate, these situations are rare.
曾被其他狗攻擊過的狗狗，可能把任何動作都視為具有威脅性，無論動作表現得再怎麼友善也不例外。這些狗狗可能回以恐懼行為，例如攻擊或逃跑，端看他們在類似狀況中慣常以何種方式反應。不過在此重申，此種狀況並不常見。
Dogs differ in how often they will use the play bow. Some of the differences are breed related – dogs whose shape makes the position awkward may use it less often, though they will often use a reasonable facsimile. Dogs who know each other well, and therefore have already established a pattern of playing together, may use the bow less often than dogs who are just meeting and therefore need to be clear and precise in their communication.
各個狗狗使用邀玩動作的次數各有不同，有時這種差異與品種有關，若狗狗身形使得邀玩動作顯得笨拙，狗狗便較少使用邀玩動作，但他們仍經常使用可理解的模仿邀玩動作；若狗狗彼此已然熟識，早已建立了共同玩樂的模式，相較於初次見面且需要明定溝通方式的狗狗來說，熟識的狗狗也會較少使用邀玩動作。
The play bow is also used by dogs with their humans, and many owners use it themselves, consciously or otherwise. Have you ever frozen in a half crouched position while playing with your dog? That’s the human version of the play bow, and dogs understand it perfectly. Let’s play!
狗狗與人類互動時也會使用邀玩動作，許多飼主本身也會有意識或無意識地表現邀玩動作。仔細想想，你是否曾與狗狗玩到一半時，忽然半蹲著不動呢？這就是人類版本的邀玩動作，而狗狗也看得懂你在做什麼。所以，一起來玩吧！
NR Tomasheski is a dog trainer who spent seven years as co-owner of a canine daycare, boarding, and grooming facility in Sherman Oaks, California. She has competed with her own dogs in agility, obedience, and rally.
NR Tomasheski是一名訓犬師，在加州洛杉磯的雪曼奧克斯(Sherman Oaks)經營一家狗狗日間照顧/寄宿/美容機構。她曾帶著狗狗參加敏捷、服從、競速等方面的比賽。
日期：May 20, 2013
作者：NR Tomasheski
來源：http://woof.doggyloot.com/let’s-play-the-play-bow/
One of the most endearing body postures in our pet dogs is the play bow. You’ve seen it: the dog drops to his elbows, with back end in the air. The mouth is generally open and relaxed, eyes soft, and the tail is held loose and high. The tail may wag or sway gently.
狗狗最討喜可愛的姿勢之一，就是邀玩動作(play bow)了。你一定有看過：狗狗前肢低伏，背部揚起，嘴巴自在張開，眼神柔和，尾巴也放鬆高舉，且可能大力搖動或和緩搖著。
This posture is a solicitation to play: one dog is suggesting to another that they engage in a game. It is also often used repeatedly during a bout of play. This keeps both dogs on the same page – “We’re just playing, remember?” – and provides a moment of pause, which keeps emotions from running too high. That can lead to escalation from play to sparring, so these breaks are important to keep everything light and fun.
這便是邀玩動作：一隻狗向另一隻狗示好，希望對方能夠與他一同玩樂；有時玩樂之中的狗狗也會重複出現邀玩動作，用意除了讓二隻狗狗都能知道「別忘了喔！我們只是在玩遊戲」，也可以代表稍作暫停，避免情緒太過亢奮。若是狗狗情緒持續高張，有可能從玩樂變成打架，所以暫停時刻有助於玩樂保持在輕鬆有趣的狀態。
The response to a play bow may be to respond in kind, or to use another play solicitation movement, such as a pounce in place. Or the other dog may simply stand still, relaxed, as an acknowledgement. A brief movement by one dog or the other, what the trainer Patricia O’Connell calls the “start-stop”, signals the beginning of play, and both dogs then engage.
狗狗對於邀玩動作的回應，可能是回以相同動作，或是另一種邀玩動作，例如原地撲跳。狗狗也可能只是站著不動，輕鬆悠閒，以此表示同意對方的邀玩。而其中一隻狗狗的短暫動作，代表著遊戲由此開始，二隻狗進入打鬧玩樂狀態，訓犬師Patricia O’Connell將此動作稱為「開始前的暫停」(start-stop)。
In some cases, there is a refusal to play, signaled by simply walking away. To us humans, this can look kind of sad, but it’s proper canine etiquette and dogs don’t seem to take refusal too hard.
有些情況中，狗狗會直接走開，拒絕對方邀玩。雖然人類可能認為被拒絕真是令人沮喪難過，不過其實這才是正確的狗狗禮儀，而且拒絕在狗狗看來並不是什麼大不了的事。
Most dogs naturally recognize the play bow, even those who are weakly socialized. Singletons (dogs who were the only puppy in their litter) are occasionally less versed in body language than those that grew up with siblings, but this can be remedied if they are exposed to a variety of other dogs during puppyhood.
大部分狗狗天生就認得邀玩動作，即使社交較弱的狗狗亦然。獨生犬(母狗一次只生了一隻小狗)比起有兄弟姊妹一同成長的小狗而言，通常較不擅長肢體語言，不過若獨生犬在童年時期能夠和各種其他狗狗相處，仍有機會改善社交能力。
Dogs who have been attacked by another dog may view any approach, no matter how friendly, as threatening. These dogs may respond with a fear behavior, either fight or flight, depending on how that individual typically reacts in such situations. Let me reiterate, these situations are rare.
曾被其他狗攻擊過的狗狗，可能把任何動作都視為具有威脅性，無論動作表現得再怎麼友善也不例外。這些狗狗可能回以恐懼行為，例如攻擊或逃跑，端看他們在類似狀況中慣常以何種方式反應。不過在此重申，此種狀況並不常見。
Dogs differ in how often they will use the play bow. Some of the differences are breed related – dogs whose shape makes the position awkward may use it less often, though they will often use a reasonable facsimile. Dogs who know each other well, and therefore have already established a pattern of playing together, may use the bow less often than dogs who are just meeting and therefore need to be clear and precise in their communication.
各個狗狗使用邀玩動作的次數各有不同，有時這種差異與品種有關，若狗狗身形使得邀玩動作顯得笨拙，狗狗便較少使用邀玩動作，但他們仍經常使用可理解的模仿邀玩動作；若狗狗彼此已然熟識，早已建立了共同玩樂的模式，相較於初次見面且需要明定溝通方式的狗狗來說，熟識的狗狗也會較少使用邀玩動作。
The play bow is also used by dogs with their humans, and many owners use it themselves, consciously or otherwise. Have you ever frozen in a half crouched position while playing with your dog? That’s the human version of the play bow, and dogs understand it perfectly. Let’s play!
狗狗與人類互動時也會使用邀玩動作，許多飼主本身也會有意識或無意識地表現邀玩動作。仔細想想，你是否曾與狗狗玩到一半時，忽然半蹲著不動呢？這就是人類版本的邀玩動作，而狗狗也看得懂你在做什麼。所以，一起來玩吧！
NR Tomasheski is a dog trainer who spent seven years as co-owner of a canine daycare, boarding, and grooming facility in Sherman Oaks, California. She has competed with her own dogs in agility, obedience, and rally.
NR Tomasheski是一名訓犬師，在加州洛杉磯的雪曼奧克斯(Sherman Oaks)經營一家狗狗日間照顧/寄宿/美容機構。她曾帶著狗狗參加敏捷、服從、競速等方面的比賽。